The history of Svoge traces back to Antiquity, specifically to the Thracian period, linked to the Thracian tribe of the Triballi. It is believed that a Thracian settlement and necropolis existed where the present-day Staro Selo neighborhood is located. However, only systematic archaeological excavations can confirm this. The evidence from findings, mainly a result of treasure hunting activities, somewhat supports the claims of multiple Thracian settlements in the area and their connections with other regions, even with the Greek world, especially through coin findings.
Thracian Relics and Connections
In this context, it is essential to mention the unique coin of the river god Ister, which is possibly the only one of its kind in Bulgaria. Among the remnants of Thracian fortifications in the municipality, we must highlight the one near the village of Zasele, known as Meteriza, and the three destroyed Thracian mounds.
The Battle of Triballi and Philip II
It is believed that the battle between the Triballi and Philip, the father of Alexander the Great, took place in this area, where Philip narrowly escaped and was left somewhat disabled as a result. Though often underestimated, the region played a significant role in the trade connections between northern Bulgaria and the Aegean coast.
Byzantine and Bulgarian Fortifications
From the early Byzantine era, there are remains of about ten fortresses, linked to Emperor Justinian the Great’s extensive construction efforts to fortify the Balkan Peninsula against invasions by Slavs, proto-Bulgarians, Goths, and Avars. Fortifications from the First and Second Bulgarian Empires also remain, notably on Mount Grohoten in Svoge, at whose foot the town lies.
Legends and Medieval Churches
An intriguing legend exists about a place called Latintsi, named after the Latins who, during one of the Crusades passing through the area, stayed and married local women. Preserved medieval churches include St. Petka from the 14th century and another from the 17th century in the Kirik area near Svoge. The municipality is also home to the famous monasteries of Seven Thrones and Iskrets Monastery, believed to have been built in the 11th and 18th centuries, respectively.
Ottoman Period and Population Growth
During Ottoman rule, the population in the area increased as people sought the safety of the Balkan mountains.
Modern Development
The region’s development surged after the construction of the railway line through the Iskar Gorge, leading to the emergence of most current settlements along the Iskar River. During World War II, following the major bombing of Sofia on January 10, 1944, the State Conservatory was evacuated to Svoge.
Svoge’s history is a tapestry of ancient tribes, significant battles, and cultural exchanges, woven through the centuries with threads of resilience and adaptation.
